List of Sources of Vaccine Studies, Fact-Checking, and Information

This page contains a list of sources and links to additional sources for the various vaccine studies, fact-checking, and other information disproving claims made by the “anti-vaccine” groups as referred to in the “COVID Chronicles” series and elsewhere on this blog.

How Vaccines Work

Vaccines Are Important—But What Are They and How Do They Work?

Why and How Vaccines Work

Messenger RNA (mRNA) Vaccine History and Development

Developing mRNA-vaccine technologies (2012) (also found here) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/rna.22269

mRNA vaccines — a new era in vaccinology (published 2018)

The History of the mRNA Vaccines

The tangled history of mrna vaccines.

Other Vaccines Using mRNA Technology

More Than COVID-19: 6 Other Promising mRNA Vaccines in the Pipeline

Safety and immunogenicity of a mRNA rabies vaccine in healthy adults: an open-label, non-randomised, prospective, first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial

Historical Use of EUA In US FDA History

From 9/11 to COVID-19: A Brief History of FDA Emergency Use Authorization

Studies on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy and Safety in Adults and Children

Study investigates antiviral and bivalent vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 omicron XBB.1.5 isolate
– This article references:
– Antiviral and bivalent vaccine efficacy against an omicron XBB.1.5 isolate

CDC report details COVID-19 incidence and mortality among unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals aged ≥ 12 years by receipt of bivalent booster doses and time since vaccination
– This article references:
– COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality Among Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Persons Aged ≥12 Years by Receipt of Bivalent Booster Doses and Time Since Vaccination — 24 U.S. Jurisdictions, October 3, 2021–December 24, 2022

Neutralisation titres of BA.1 Omicron variant moderately increased with adapted BNT162b2 vaccines
– This article references:
– Correlates of protection against COVID-19 infection and intensity of symptomatic disease in vaccinated individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in households in Israel (ICoFS): a prospective cohort study

Large study identifies antibody concentration thresholds that correlate with protection from symptomatic COVID-19
– This article references:
– Immunogenicity of Omicron BA.1-adapted BNT162b2 vaccines: randomized trial, 3-month follow-up

COVID-19 booster with bivalent formulation of mRNA vaccine protects against ER, urgent care visits
– This article references:
– Early Estimates of Bivalent mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Immunocompetent Adults — VISION Network, Nine States, September–November 2022

Effectiveness of Monovalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination in Preventing COVID-19–Associated Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Death Among Immunocompetent Adults During the Omicron Variant Period – IVY Network, 19 U.S. States, February 1, 2022–January 31, 2023 MMWR/ April 28, 2023 / 72(17); 463–468

Estimates of Bivalent mRNA Vaccine Durability in Preventing COVID-19–Associated Hospitalization and Critical Illness Among Adults with and Without Immunocompromising Conditions – VISION Network, September 2022–April 2023 MMWR / May 26, 2023 / 72(21); 579–588

Effectiveness of Up-to-Date COVID-19 Vaccination in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Nursing Home Residents – United States, November 20, 2022–January 8, 2023 MMWR / June 23, 2023 / 72(25); 690–693

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Bivalent mRNA Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters Among Children Aged 6 Months–5 Years — VISION Network, United States, July 2022–June 2023

Hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy provides more durable infant antibody responses compared to natural infection alone

Vaccine Safety Studies

Bust Myths and Learn the Facts about COVID-19 Vaccines

Is the COVID-19 Vaccine Safe? – Johns Hopkins Medicine

COVID-19 vaccines: Safety, side effects — and coincidence

Efficacy, Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines

Safety & effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: A narrative review

Safety of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Safety of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Among Young Children in the Vaccine Safety Datalink

Yale Preprint Recorded Patient Experiences, Did Not Demonstrate Vaccines Cause New Syndrome

CDC and FDA Identify Preliminary COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Signal for Persons Aged 65 Years and Older

Evidence Disproving Claims of High Rates of “Sudden Cardiac Death” and Myocarditis among Young Males Claimed to be Directly Attributed to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine

https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/02/unvaccinated-more-likely-to-have-heart-attack-stroke-after-covid-study-finds/
– This article references:
– Impact of Vaccination on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With COVID-19 Infection

Rate and Cause of Sudden Cardiac Death in the Young During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccination

Yale study reveals insights into post-vaccine heart inflammation cases
– This article references:
– Cytokinopathy with aberrant cytotoxic lymphocytes and profibrotic myeloid response in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine–associated myocarditis

Risk of death following COVID-19 vaccination or positive SARS-CoV-2 test in young people in England

Fact check: Claim misinterprets BMJ study’s findings on COVID-19 vaccine and myocarditis

COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Myocarditis: A Systemic Review and Literature Search

Myocarditis after Covid vaccines doesn’t kill one in five

Evidence Disproving Claims that Dr Robert Malone “Invented” mRNA/DNA, “Invented” mRNA Vaccines

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_W._Malone: specific attention to sections referencing his participation in research into mRNA in late 1980’s prior to achieving an MD from Northwestern University in 1991.

The tangled history of mRNA vaccines

Robert Malone: Vaccine Inventor Vaccine Skeptic

COVID Origins and EcoHealth Alliance; Malone Didn’t Invent mRNA Vaccines (second section)

The development of mRNA vaccines was a collaborative effort; Robert Malone contributed to their development, but he is not their inventor

Dr. Robert Malone invented mRNA vaccines. False.